How Does it Work?

Procellera® is antimicrobial due to content of silver and zinc. Procellera is bioelectric by inherent design: in the presence of a conductive fluid, which may come from wound exudate or normal saline, a microcurrent is generated at the device surface. This microcurrent is non-hazardous and well below the threshold of feeling.

Scientific research evidence indicates that physiologic microcurrents are normally present in human tissue.1-3



These microcurrents are beneficial in the wound healing process. 4-8

Antimicrobial action is stronger in the presence of an electric field. 9-11





References

1. Foulds IS, Barker AT. Human skin battery potentials and their possible role in wound healing, British J of Dermatology 1983; 109:     515-522.   
2. Nuccitelli R. A role for endogenous electric fields in wound healing, Curr Top Dev Biol, 2003; 58:1-26.
3. Sheridan DM, Isseroff RR, Nucitelli R. Imposition of a physiologic DC electric current alters the migratory response of human     keratinocytes on extracellular matrix molecules. J. Invest. Dermatol 1996; 106: 642- 646.
4. Vanable JW Jr. Integumentary potentials and wound healing. In: Electric Fields in Vertebrate Repair,  Borgens RB, Robinson KR,     Vanable, JW Jr., and McGinnis, ME eds. New York: Liss, 1989, p. 171-224.
5. Nishimura KY IR, Nuccitelli R. Human keratinocytes migrate to the negative pole in direct current electric fields comparable to those     measured in mammalian wounds. Journal of Cell Science 1996; 109:199-207.
6. Pullar CE, Isseroff RR, Nuccitelli R. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A plays a role in the directed migration of human     keratinocytes in a DC electric field. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 2001; 50: 207-217.
7. Zhao M, Pu J, Forrester JV, McCaig CD. Membrane Lipids, EGF receptors and intracellular signals co-localize and are polarized     in epithelial cells moving directionally in a physiological     electric field.  FASEB J 2002;16(8):857-859
8. Zhao M. “Electrical fields in wound healing—An overriding signal that directs cell migration.”  Semin Cell Dev Biol;  20(6):674-82.
9. Becker RO, Spadaro JA. Treatment of Orthopedic Infections with Electrically Generated Silver Ions. Journal of Bone and Joint     Surgery 1978; 60-A: 871-81.
10. Huckfeldt R, Flick AB, Mikkelson D, Lowe C, Finley PJ. Wound closure after split-thickness skin  grafting is accelerated with  the       use of continuous direct anodal micro current applied to silver nylon wound contact dressings. Journal of Burn Care & Research       2007; 28:703-707.
11. Chu CS, McManus AT, Pruitt BA, Mason AD. Therapeutic effects of silver nylon dressings with weak direct current on       Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected burn wounds. Journal of Trauma Injury, Infection, and Care 1988; 28: 1488-92.